Looking at what you have tried, and not wanting to cause any damage to other parts, i would be tempted to use a die grinder on the sprocket and get close to the shaft, not touching it, this will weaken it and cause it to split and come off, yes it will destroy the sprocket but allow you to get the job done, i do it on bearing shells when they are stuck on shafts, keep spraying coolant on it so as not to transfer heat.